Mechanisms of action of cytoplasmic microRNAs. Part 3. TNRC6-associated mechanism of miRNA-mediated mRNA degradation

The scientific review presents the mechanisms of action cytoplasmic miRNAs, namely posttranscriptional silencing: TNRC6-associated mechanism miRNA-mediated mRNA degradation. To write article, information was searched using databases Scopus, Web Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Global Health, Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka. It is known that in cytoplasm cells cases short region, miRNA complementarities cause silencing, first main molecular mechanisms: Mammalian AGO proteins have been shown to contain conserved m7G-cap-binding protein motif (known as MID domain), which required induce microRNA-mediated translation repression. After binding this microRNAs, TNRC6 (GW182) are recruited that, turn, recruits various (PABPC1, PAN3 and NOT1) involved induction target gene silencing. authors state tryptophan residues, placed hydrophobic pockets partners, a high degree affinity specificity interactions. Scientists believe when interacting with can simultaneously use three GW/WG repeats (motif 1, 2 hook motif), located Argonaute-binding domain. Therefore, bind molecules simultaneously. be PABP-interacting whose interaction PABP mediated by conservative PABP-binding 2. interact PABPC1 during stabilization. CCR4-NOT complex highly multifunctional multiprotein formation having 3’-5’-exoribonuclease activity, due it controls metabolism. Thus, degradation cell causes In mechanism, there an protein, recruitment deadenylating complexes PAN2-PAN3 proteins.